April, May, September and October balance mild weather with manageable crowds. June to August is hot and humid and brings the largest crowds, and winter is cold and damp with fog but few visitors. Carnival in February and Easter fill the city outside the summer peak.
Best months: April to May and September to October
March is cool and showery, and April and May warm to highs of about 17 and 22 degrees with long days. Crowds build from Easter onwards.
What to wear: Bring light layers and a waterproof jacket, with shoes that grip wet stone.
Summer
18 to 28 °C · about 7 rainy days a month
Highs reach about 28 degrees and the air stays humid, with some thunderstorms. The lanes and the square are at their most crowded.
What to wear: Wear light clothes that still cover shoulders and knees for churches, plus a hat and shoes with a good sole.
Autumn
11 to 19 °C · about 6 rainy days a month
September is still warm at about 24 degrees, October drops to 19 and November to 13, with more fog and the first high tides. The crowds thin out from October.
What to wear: Pack layers, a rain jacket and waterproof shoes in case of high water.
Winter
1 to 8 °C · about 6 rainy days a month
Highs sit around 8 or 9 degrees and nights fall close to freezing, with damp air and fog. Outside the Carnival weeks the city is quiet.
What to wear: Wear a warm coat, hat and gloves, and waterproof boots for any high water.
If it rains
Rain falls on five to nine days a month and is spread across the year. A wet day suits the Accademia, the Doge's Palace, the Peggy Guggenheim, Ca' Rezzonico, the Frari and the Scuola di San Rocco. The basilica interior is dry but the queue outside is not, so book a slot. High water is mostly an autumn to spring problem, and waterproof shoes help.
Summer heat builds from late morning, and there is little shade in the square or on the bridges. Do the open sights early or after 17:00, use the museums and churches in the middle of the day, and carry water. Public drinking fountains are scattered around the city, so a refillable bottle helps.